If food feels like it’s getting stuck when you swallow, eating can quickly become frustrating. You may find yourself taking smaller bites, chewing more carefully, or avoiding certain foods altogether.
One possible cause is an esophageal stricture. An esophageal stricture occurs when part of the esophagus becomes narrower than normal. That can make it harder for food and liquids to pass into the stomach. This narrowing is often caused by scar tissue that forms after repeated irritation or injury.
Symptoms may start gradually, but they can become more noticeable over time. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options can help you know when it’s time to seek care.
Repeated irritation or injury can damage the lining of the esophagus. As the tissue heals, scar tissue forms and narrows the esophagus.
The most common cause is chronic acid reflux, also known as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). GERD occurs when stomach acid repeatedly flows back into the esophagus. Over time, this irritation can lead to scar tissue and narrowing of the esophagus.
Other causes include:
The most common symptom is dysphagia, which means difficulty swallowing. Symptoms usually develop gradually. You may begin to notice other signs, such as:
Softer foods and liquids can also begin to cause problems as the narrowing worsens.
Your doctor will discuss your symptoms and medical history. They may recommend testing, such as:
The most common treatment for an esophageal stricture is esophageal dilation. During an endoscopy, your doctor gently stretches the narrowed area. Many people notice improvement after one or two treatments. Some strictures come back and require additional treatment over time.
Addressing the underlying reason helps prevent recurrence, too. Depending on the cause, your doctor may recommend:
Steroid injections, temporary stents, or surgery may be considered in more severe cases.
If you’re waiting for treatment, a few simple changes can make eating more comfortable. Helpful strategies include:
Most esophageal strictures develop gradually and don’t become emergencies. However, certain symptoms can signal a more urgent problem. Contact your doctor if you notice any of the following signs:
An esophageal stricture can make swallowing more difficult and may worsen over time if left untreated. Getting evaluated early can help identify the cause, relieve symptoms, and reduce the risk of complications.
If you’re having trouble swallowing or think you may have an esophageal stricture, the team at Gastroenterology Consultants of San Antonio can help. We diagnose and treat digestive conditions throughout San Antonio and the surrounding area. Contact us today to schedule an appointment.
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