The Silent Dangers of Untreated Heartburn
It is easy to dismiss heartburn as a minor inconvenience. In fact, occasional heartburn isn’t unusual. But untreated heartburn allows stomach acid to repeatedly damage the lining of your esophagus. What starts as a simple discomfort can lead to permanent changes if ignored.
What is Heartburn?
Heartburn is what you feel when stomach acid backs up into the esophagus, the tube that carries food from your mouth to your stomach. You might feel a burning sensation in the chest or throat, along with a sour or bitter taste. While the stomach lining is designed to handle its own acid, the esophagus isn’t built for that kind of exposure.
If this happens occasionally, it’s probably nothing to worry about. But if it occurs frequently or over a long period, you may be dealing with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). And in some cases, long-term GERD can quietly raise your risk for esophageal cancer.
Signs of GERD
GERD isn’t just about heartburn. It can affect you in more ways than you might expect. You may notice symptoms such as:
- A persistent burning feeling in your chest
- A sour or bitter aftertaste
- Food or acid coming back up into your throat, called regurgitation
- Frequent sore throat or hoarseness
- A feeling of fullness or bloating
- Chronic cough or wheezing
These symptoms tend to worsen after eating a large meal, bending over, or lying down at night.
The Silent Dangers of Untreated Heartburn
The esophagus isn’t designed to handle repeated contact with stomach acid. Over time, ongoing acid exposure damages the tissue. This can lead to inflammation, scarring, or changes in how the cells behave.
Chronic irritation increases your risk for a condition called Barrett’s esophagus. This is where the normal lining of the esophagus is replaced with cells that resemble those in the stomach. Your body does this in an attempt to protect itself. But unfortunately, these new cells can turn into cancer.
Barrett’s Esophagus and the Risk of Esophageal Cancer
While most people with Barrett’s won’t develop cancer, their risk is significantly higher than the general population. If you’re diagnosed with Barrett’s, your doctor may recommend:
- Regular endoscopic monitoring to check for cell changes
- Biopsies to detect early precancerous signs
- Medications or procedures to reduce acid exposure and remove damaged tissue, if needed
When to See a Doctor About Heartburn
If you’re experiencing symptoms often, or they’re beginning to interfere with your comfort or sleep, it’s time to take them seriously. The key to preventing complications of Barrett’s esophagus is to catch it early, when treatment is most effective. This is also when the chances of progression are low.
Make an appointment to be evaluated by a gastroenterologist if you have:
- Heartburn more than twice a week
- Symptoms that don’t improve with over-the-counter medications
- Nighttime reflux that disrupts your sleep
- Difficulty or pain when swallowing
- A sensation of food getting stuck
- An ongoing cough or wheezing
- Unexplained weight loss or reduced appetite
- Nausea, dizziness, or fatigue along with reflux symptoms
Heartburn may seem like a minor inconvenience, but when it’s frequent or severe, acid reflux can quietly damage your esophagus. Over time, untreated heartburn can increase your risk for more serious conditions, including cancer.
Don’t continue to live with untreated heartburn – schedule an appointment today!
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